A new formulation for lightweight oil well cement slurry using a natural pozzolan
Abstract view|1237|times PDF download|203|times HTML download|559|times
Abstract
Fluid loss during cementing operation in depleted reservoirs or in deep wells of reservoirs with low breakdown pressure is a major concern for maintaining well integrity. To overcome this problem, the weight of cement slurry is usually reduced. Although various slurry formulations have been proposed during the last decade, the cost and availability of required additives is still an important concern, especially when the oil price is low. The objective of this study is to make lightweight cement slurry with a density of 105 lb/ft3, using the combination of natural pozzolan and API class G cement. In this study, a new formulation based on the optimum amount of a natural pozzolan and other additives is proposed. Based on the results of 24-hour compressive strength test and free water volume, 30% replacement of cement powder with pozzolan was selected as an optimal amount. Addition of more pozzolan into the slurry reduces its pumpability even at room temperature. Bottom-hole condition was simulated by increasing the temperature to 150°F and chemical additives were used to maintain the rheological properties of this slurry. Fluid loss control agent, dispersant and retarder were used at optimum values 0.5, 0.08 and 0.05 (%bwoc), respectively. The compressive strength of the cement rock was monitored at 3, 7 and 30 days, reaching 3528 psi after 30 days.
Cited as: Larki, O., Norouzi Apourvari, S., Schaffie, M., Farazmand, R. A new formulation for lightweight oil well cement slurry using a natural pozzolan. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2019, 3(3): 242-249, doi: 10.26804/ager.2019.03.02
Keywords
References
Abid, K., Gholami, R., Tiong, M., et al. A pozzolanic supplementary material to reinforce class G cement used for drilling and completion operations. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2019, 177: 79-92.
Ahmad, M.H., Omar, R.C., Malek, M.A., et al. Compressive strength of palm oil fuel ash concrete. In Proceedings of International Conference on Construction and Building Technology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 16-20 June, 2008.
Al-Yami, A.S., Al-Shehri, D.A., Al-Saleh, S., et al. Long-term evaluation of low-density cement, based on hollow glass microspheres, aids in providing effective zonal isolation in hp/ht wells: Laboratory studies and field applications. Paper SPE113138 Presented at SPE Western Regional and Pacific Section AAPG Joint Meeting, Bakersfield, California, 29 March-4 April, 2008.
Al-Yami, A.S., Nasr-El-Din, H.A., Al-Humaidi, A.S., et al. Evaluation and optimization of low-density cement: Laboratory studies and field application. SPE Drill. Completion 2010, 25(1): 70-89.
Al-Yami, A.S., Yuan, Z., Schubert, J. Failure probability with time under different operational conditions for low-density system based on hollow microspheres supported by long term lab studies and field cases. Paper SPE159141 Presented at SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Perth, Australia, 22-24 October, 2012.
API RP 10B-2: Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements. Second Edition. April, 2013.
API Spec 10A: Specification for Cements and Materials for Well Cementing. Twenty-Fourth Edition. December, 2010.
ASTM Designation C618-08a, Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete, 2008.
ASTM Designation C702/C702M-11, Standard Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size, 2011.
ASTM Designation D75/D75M 14, Standard Practice for Sampling Aggregates, 2014.
ASTM Designation C188-16, Standard Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement, 2016.
Benge, O.G., Spangle, L.B., Sauer, Jr.C.W. Foamed cement-solving old problems with a new technique. Paper SPE11204 Presented at SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1 January, 1982.
Brandl, A., Bray, W., Doherty, D.R. Technically and economically improved cementing system with sustainable components. Paper SPE136276 Presented at IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 1-3 November, 2010.
Brandl, A., Cutler, J., Seholm, A., et al. Cementing solutions for corrosive well environments. SPE Drill. Completion 2011, 26(2): 208-219.
De Rozieres, J., Ferriere, R. Foamed-cement characterization under down hole conditions and its impact on job design. SPE Prod. Eng. 1991, 6(3): 297-304.
Dumbauld, G.K., Brooks, Jr.F.A., Morgan, B.E., et al. A lightweight, low water-loss, oil-emulsion cement for use in oil wells. Pet. Trans. 1956, 207: 99-104.
Elmarsafawi, Y.A., Warman, R., Assad, A., et al. Cementing a producing formation with low-fracture-pressure gradient in Wafra Field, Kuwait. Paper SPE107047 Presented at Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Jakarta, Indonesia, 30 October-1 November, 2007.
Fasesan, O.A., Heinze, L.R., Walser, D.W. Enhanced properties and cost-effective application with incremental improvements in 50:50 Poz cementing. Paper SPE-94327-MS Presented at Canadian International Petroleum Conference, Calgary, Alberta, 7-9 June, 2005.
Harms, W.M., Sutton, D.L. Ultralow-density cementing operations. J. Pet. Technol. 1983, 35(1): 61-69.
Kulakofsky, D., Faulkner, C., Williams, S., et al. New class of microsphere improves economics and allows circulation where previous designs suffered losses: A case history. Paper OMC-2011-083 Presented at Offshore Mediterranean Conference and Exhibition, Ravenna, Italy, 23-25 March, 2011.
Kutchko, B.G., Strazisar, B.R., Huerta, N., et al. CO2 reaction with hydrated class H well cement under geologic sequestration conditions: Effects of fly ash admixtures. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43(10): 3947-3952.
Liu, K., Cheng, X., Zhang, X., et al. Design of low-density cement optimized by cellulose-based fibre for oil and natural gas wells. Powder Technol. 2018, 338: 506-518.
Mata, C., Calubayan, A. Use of hollow glass spheres in lightweight cements-selection criteria. Paper SPE182399 Presented at SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition, Perth, Australia, 25-27 October, 2016.
Mehrabian, A., Abousleiman, Y. Wellbore geomechanics of extended drilling margin and engineered lost-circulation solutions. SPE J. 2017, 22(4): 1178-1188.
Mukhalalaty, T., Al Suwaidi, A., Shaheen, M. Increasing well life cycle by eliminating the multistage cementer and utilizing a lightweight high performance slurry. Paper SPE53283 Presented at Middle East Oil Show and Conference, Bahrain, 20-23 February, 1999.
Purvis, D.L., Merritt, J.W. Economic completion slurries utilized in partially depleted reservoirs. Paper SPE80942 Presented at SPE Production and Operations Symposium, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 23-26 March, 2003.
Putra, T., Steven, A., Wedhaswari, V.R., et al. Novel cementing solutions to impede lost circulation with highly crush-resistant lightweight cement system and engineered fibers. Paper SPE182250 Presented at SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition, Perth, Australia, 25-27 October, 2016.
Slagle, K.A., Carter, L.G. Gilsonite-a unique additive for oil-well cements. Paper API-59-318 Presented at Drilling and Production Practice, New York, USA, 1 January, 1959.
Smith, D.K. A new material for deep well cementing. Pet. Trans. 1956, 207: 59-64.
Smith, D.K. Cementing, SPE Monograph Series, Volume 4, 1990.
Velayati, A., Tokhmechi, B., Soltanian, H., et al. Cement slurry optimization and assessment of additives according to a proposed plan. J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2015, 23: 165-170.
Wang, C., Chen, X., Wang, L., et al. A novel self-generating nitrogen foamed cement: The preparation, evaluation and field application. J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2017, 44: 131-139.
Wang, C., Wang, R., Zhou, W., et al. The use of a novel spacer and ultralow-density cement system to control lost circulation in coalbed-methane wells. SPE Drill. Completion 2015, 30(1): 76-85.
Xu, B., Yuan, B., Wang, Y. Anti-corrosion cement for sour gas (H2S-CO2 ) storage and production of HTHP deep wells. Appl. Geochem. 2018, 96: 155-163.
Zhang, L., Dzombak, D.A., Nakles, D.V., et al. Effect of exposure environment on the interactions between acid gas (H2S and CO2 ) and pozzolan-amended wellbore cement under acid gas co-sequestration conditions. Int. J. Greenhouse Gas Control 2014, 27: 309-318.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2019 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.